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Tourism in Nigeria (National Association of Egbe Omo Yoruba Descendants in North America (

Who are the Yoruba?

The obvious first answer to this question is the Yoruba are a nationality, numbering about 40 million, most of whom live in the south western state of Nigeria in West Africa. Obviously, this answer is not entirely of reasons and certainly not without controversy itself. First, with regard to its statement. We must add that the Yoruba are people, who speak a common language, Yoruba, which belongs to the Kwa group of Niger-Congo language family, and has about 12 dialects, which are well urbanized group with genius in arts as symbolized in the famous "Ife Bronzes" that Yoruba people are also found in Togo, Benin Republic and elsewhere, including Brazil, Cuba, Trinidad, and the United States. Secondly, in terms of its controversial status, one has to deal with the issue of what makes the Yoruba a nationality or nation, not a tribe or clan, and how to mark a distinction between the Yoruba and Nigeria. For the latter, There is a better answer than the one provided by Obafemi Awolowo in 1947, which a later section of this presentation will return. For now, it is necessary to answer the question: "Who are the Yoruba" by focusing on some critical moments in Yoruba history and thought.

Faced with these and other issues focusing on some critical moments in Yoruba
History.

1. Oduduwa dynasty and the founding of the nation.
Oduduwa is the parent legend of the Yoruba. There are two variants of the story of how he managed this feat. The first is cosmogonic, the second policy. Cosmogonic version also has two variants. According to the first variant of the cosmogonic myth, Orisanla (Obatala) was the arch-divinity who was chosen by Olodumare, the supreme deity to create output solid ground water is essential that land and populate the earth with humans. He descended from heaven on a chain, carrying a small snail full tank of earth, palm kernels and a five-toed chicken. Was to empty the contents of the conch shell in the water after placing some pieces of iron in it, and then place the chicken in the land spread over the primordial waters. According to the first version of the story, Obatala completed this task to the satisfaction of Olodumare. He then gave the task of making the physical body of human beings after Olodumare would give the breath of life. He also completed this task and that is why holds the title of "obarisa" King of the Orishas. The other variant of the cosmogonic myth does not credit Obatala with the completion of the task. While acknowledging that Obatala was given the task, says that Obatala got drunk even before reaching the ground and was unable to do the job. Olodumare was worried when he did not return time, and he had to send Oduduwa to find out what was happening. When Oduduwa found Obatala drunk, he just took over and completed the task. He created the earth. The point at which he landed from heaven and that he rescued from the water to become land is called Ile-Ife and is now considered sacred and spiritual home of the Yoruba. Obatala was embarrassed when he woke up and, thanks to this experience, he made it a taboo for any of his devotees to drink palm wine. Olodumare forgave and given the responsibility of molding the physical bodies of humans. The earth is a symbolic reference to the founding of the Yoruba kingdoms, and that is why Oduduwa is credited with that achievement (Idowu, 1962).

According to the second version of the myth, was a pre-existing civilization at Ile-Ife prior to its invasion by a group led by Oduduwa. This group came from the east, where Oduduwa and his group had been persecuted on the basis of religious differences. They came to Ile-Ife and fought and won the pre-existing Igbo (unrelated to the present Igbo) inhabitants led by Oreluere (Obatala). Obviously, there is a connection between the two versions history. Politics may be the real story of the founding of Ife kingdom through conquest. However, the myth of creation that gives legitimacy that is denied by the history of conquest, as appears to lend some credence by the fact that as a result of the embarrassment of their deity, the followers of Obatala are prohibited from making palm wine. In fact, the second version of the cosmogonic myth also appears to foreshadow the political variant. The claim that Obatala got drunk and the task of creation had to be done by Oduduwa political color and has now expressed in the political version of the tradition. What is crucial in both variants of the story is the role of Oduduwa as the founder of the Yoruba nation, so the name can not be forgotten. Oduduwa is the symbol of the nation the meeting point for those that subscribe to the Yoruba identity. The Yoruba name itself, according to historians Smith, Atanda and others are set in us by our northern neighbors and later popularized by colonial publications. Before that, the "Anago" to which some Yoruba in the present Republic of Benin and others the new world still use to refer to themselves, is used to refer to most of the people called Yoruba today. A common origin and language, as well as common political and religious cultures made the Yoruba a nation long before any European contact and the advent of colonialism.

2. Patriotism Moremi's and the survival of the nation the death of Oduduwa, there was a scattering of children from Ife to found other kingdoms. These founders of the Yoruba nation included Olowu of Owu (son of daughter of Oduduwa) Alaketu of Ketu (son of a princess), Oba of Benin, Ila Oragun, Onisabe to know, Olupopo Oranyan Popo and Oyo. Each of them made a mark in the subsequent urbanization and consolidation of Yoruba confederacy of kingdoms, tracking each kingdom has its origin in Ile-Ife.

After dispersal, the aborigines, the Igbo, became difficult, and poses a grave threat to the survival of Ife. Cree survivors of occupants age the land before the arrival of Oduduwa, these people now became marauders. They would come to town in costumes made of raffia with terrible and fearsome appearances, and Ife people to flee. Then, the Igbo to burn the houses and loot the markets. Then came Moremi on the scene like Deborah of the Old Testament. When nobody dare the Igbos, Moremi asked the river Esinminrin aid and promised to give offerings if he could save his people. The Orisha told him be captured and deputy Igbo people. He did, and discovered that there were spirits, people only with raffia for dress. He escaped, and taught his people the trick. The next time Igbo people came, they were defeated outright. Moremi then had to return to Esinminrin to thank the gods. Each bid offered was rejected. In the divination was told he had to give Oluorogbo, his only son. She did. The lesson of Moremi is the lesson of patriotism and selflessness. The reward can not be harvested in one's life time. Moremi passed and became a member of the Yoruba pantheon. The Edi festival celebrates the defeat of the Igbo and the sacrifice of Oluorogbo today.

3. Oranmiyan adventures, betrayal Afonja, Interior Division, slavery and the collapse of the nation. Oranmiyan was the last of the descendants Oduduwa. But he was the most adventurous and the founder of the Kingdom of Oyo. In some versions, was the third ruler of Ife as successor to Oduduwa. But later decided to avenge his father's expulsion from the east, and so, led an expedition. After many years on the road, and as a result of disagreement between him and his people could not go there. Embarrassed to return, he called the King of Nupe for a land to establish his kingdom. He was forced, and that land became the nucleus of the Kingdom of Old Oyo. Oranmiyan, Alafin taking the title, managed to raise a strong military and effectively expand his kingdom. His successors, including Sango, the mythical god of thunder, Oluasho Aganju and also so strong. Peace and tranquility prevailed during the reign of Abiodun, but also experienced the decline of the military. (SONG). Awol Arogangan was Abiodun 's successor and it was during his reign that trouble started for the kingdom. He was forced to commit suicide, but before his death, he said that he pronounced a curse on all Yoruba, that is not joined and will be taken captive.

Afonja was Kakanfo the generalsimo Army in northern Yoruba town of Ilorin, during the reign of AWOL and his successor. Afonja refused to recognize the new king, and invited the Fulani, who were then leading a jihad in the south, to help against the king. They did, but he did not survive, because the Fulani, after helping defeat the Alafin also turned against him. Fired several arrows at him and his body stood on the arrows that stuck in your body. The betrayal of Afonja marked the beginning of the end of the Oyo empire and with it the decline of the Yoruba nation. War civil broke out between the various Yoruba kingdoms: Oyo, Ijesa, Ekiti, Ijaiye, Abeokuta and Ibadan. As this happened, Dahomey, western and northern Borgu also raised problems for the Yoruba kingdoms until the intervention of the British and the imposition of colonial rule.

Those who argue that there was no awareness of a common Yoruba identity until the 19th century may be referring to these civil war episodes in the life of the nation. However, they forget that these people, despite civil war, share a sense of common origin and a common language. And it should be noted that the so-called peace that was imposed by the British could not have lasted had not existed a consciousness of coming from a common origin.

THE YORUBA INDIGENOUS GROUP CALLS REALLY INDEPENDENT Electoral Commission National

EGBE OMO YORUBA

N

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF YORUBA DESCENDANTS IN NORTH AMERICA

U.S. AND CANADA

3840 Bladensburg ROAD

CASA URBANA, MD 20722

Internet:

www.Yorùbánation.org e-mail: info@Yorùbánation.org

EGBE OMO YORUBA OF TRUTH INDEPENDENT CALL

National Electoral Commission

For Immediate Release

Contacts: Adeola Odusanya (813) 309.4850

Bolaji Oláríbigbé (904) 612.8222

CASA URBANA, MD, August 18, 2006.

"Serious state" of the health of the Honorable Alhaji Rauf Aregbesola, the Egbe Omo Yoruba, National Association of Yoruba Descendants

North America (Egbe) has decided to repeat and expand the statement issued on August 14, 2006. Once again take this opportunity

appeal to every Nigerian, Yoruba, Obas, Yoruba leaders, political candidates and law enforcement to do everything possible to prevent a state

emergency that stated anywhere in Nigeria. We will not repeat the "WETI" era, but we are concerned that history

and can be repeated.

… Because the current and recent events in the country, including but not limited to the news of the

TAMPA, Florida, August 14, 2006.

(Egbe) held its 14

America. Delegates from 18 member chapters in all geopolitical regions North America.

In the general assembly, the opening speech on the convention's theme "

Development

Oladapo Odunlami gave the State of the Egbe. Other speakers included Otunba Olu Awótésù former Minister of

Agriculture, Chief Bisi Akande, former Governor of Osun State, Professor Mobolaji Aluko of Egbe Yoruba Isoka

Washington DC, President Nigerian Democratic Movement and the most important political commentator in the Diaspora Head

Alao Adedayo, Publisher Aláròyé Yoruba Newspapers, Mr. Yinka Òdúmákin, Publicity Secretary and Mr. Afénifére

Toyin Olanrewaju, Chairman of Midland Financial Services.

His Royal Highness Oba Adéfúnmi of Òyótúnjí Adéjuyìgbé chaired the banquet Excellence Awards held on 11

Saturday night and the keynote speaker for the event was Senator Mamora Olalekan, representing Eastern Lake District Senate

District and is also former president of the Lagos House of Assembly Government. Other speakers and attendees included

Honorable Ade Adégbénjó, members of the National General Assembly, Dr. Osadebe Anam representing Dr. Orji Uzor

Kalu, Governor of the State Abia, Nigeria, Dr. Mohammed Ladan, president of Zumunta, USA and Dr. Olu Òtúbùsìn, power

lawyer and former president of the Egbe.

Following the discussion of the three-day event, the Egbe made the following observations and resolutions:

The Egbe notes with dismay:

1. The federal government continued to have more influence on the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)

through the use of executive power in concerning funding for INEC, among other things.

2. The development plan sought by President Olusegun Obasanjo led administration to hand over power to

an interim government after failing to secure a third term mandate. President Obasanjo of Nigeria and legislators

should be aware that their terms expire in 2007 and, therefore, urgently resist any undemocratic and

tide attempt to manipulate and extend this period.

3. Statements made by President Obasanjo and the PDP in the sense that the 2007 presidential elections in some

seek to exclude Yoruba fashion applicants and candidates because of Obasanjo "occupation" of the presidential slot of Yoruba

1999-2007.

4. The lack of an electoral calendar INEC guidelines and less than a year for the general election. Moreover,

based on the history of 2003 and the performance of five of the six commissioners election last June appointed to the Yoruba

States, the Egbe is deeply concerned about the appointments.

5. Rampant political killings and sporadic and lack of tolerance for political differences between our

people. This still leads to arbitrary detention, intimidation and murder such barbaric political opponents. To that effect,

… Egbe Omo Yoruba, National Association of Yoruba descendants in northern Yoruba Americath Annual Convention National last weekend in the city of Tampa, Florida, United States ofYorùbá homeland and Diaspora: Joining Hands "was given by its National President, Adeola Odusanya, after which the Secretary General of the Nation

Communiqué of the 2006 Yoruba National Convention

August 14, 2006

Consolidated 18 August 2006

Page 2 of 2

Egbe cites the recent murder of Chief Funso Williams in Lagos State, Dr. Bayo Daramola in Ekiti State and detention

Lagos State Commissioner of Public Works and Infrastructure, Alhaji Rauf Aregbesola in Osun State, noting that such

acts of bloodshed are uncivil, undemocratic, shameful and unacceptable in Yoruba.

6. The ongoing systematic destruction of the Yoruba agricultural economy and infrastructure. With great interest,

Egbe said that before the oil era, the main stay of the economy of Nigeria has focused on agriculture, with Most

production from Western states, but the structure that led the country in the pas t, continues to be subject to a

deliberate and intentional destruction to weaken and reduce the influence of the Yoruba in Nigeria, the economy.

7. The prolonged detention of Otunba Gani Adams and Dr. Frederic Fáseùn leaders of the Yoruba group stabilization.

The Egbe think this is a deliberate attempt by management to stop the fighting spirit of the well-meaning Nigerians

they are daring to stand up and challenge the dictatorial tendencies of the Government, that this as an attempt by of

they do not want Yoruba and the disruption this group of Yoruba stabilization before the next national elections, and

Egbe points Given the charge of "treason" against these two leaders Yoruba as frivolous, baseless and unfounded.

Therefore, the Egbe:

RESOLVED

INEC and let you do your job to conduct free and fair elections in the short time left to preserve

Nigeria's fledgling democracy and the idea of ​​an interim government is unacceptable and must be terminated immediately.

We encourage every citizen and lover of democratic ideals everywhere to lobby the legislature of Nigeria and other leaders,

to stay the path power to the succession through free and fair democratic elections, and also

, President Olusegun Obasanjo, and other powers that be, the release from the shackles and control over

RESOLVED

be faithful to its principles and ensure that the electoral process is not compromised in any form or fashion. Put the INEC

realize that the election commissioners residents currently assigned to the Yoruba States are unacceptable because, be all

remnants of the infamous 2003 elections, which have proved in part, without the integrity or credibility and Egbe if

be used all means available to challenge any election pronouncements made by the commissioners. The

Egbe also puts all assigned Police Commissioners Yoruba states on notice that any action to harass the masses during the

elections or to improperly influence elections in any case not be tolerated and also

, INEC, whose guiding principles are transparency, integrity, credibility, impartiality and dedication,

RESOLVED THAT

parts of Nigeria, including the Presidency, regardless of President Obasanjo's presidency from 1999-2007, and further

all Applicants Yoruba credible and must compete for every political office in political decisions

RESOLVED

Because there is chaos and disorder in our country. We also call for an end to all political killings and unrest in

Yoruba and Nigeria. We again remind our legislators that there is great need for decentralization of the Nigerian

The police and the creation of a State or regional police to ensure that the basic constitutional right of all Nigerians living in

peace and security is guaranteed, and also

, All Yoruba including our elderly to be vigilant and not allow the forces who do not want the Yoruba, so,

RESOLVED

resolved promptly. In particular, we ask that Chief Bayo Ojo, the Ministry of Justice to ensure that the case against

Otunba Gani Adams, Dr. Frederic Fáseùn and others arrested with them were awarded or dismissed without further delay.

We also call for specific health and safety of Alhaji Rauf Aregbesola, a tried and tested friend of our Egbe,

will ensure his current travails with the political machinery of the government of Osun State. We also use this opportunity to

appeal to all political bullies, murderers and stalkers or to desist from actions immediately and also

, All political prisoners held unjustly and under False claims are released or have their cases

RESOLVED THAT

the loss of their parents worthy sons and benefactors and pray that those days of blood and tears and does not happen again. We

continue to express our disappointment that the murderers in our politically, from those of Chief Bola Ige, have not

has been found, and urge them to be prosecuted and brought to justice.

Egbe calls in all Yoruba, to work together to rebuild and reform Yoruba of our processes, including process

selecting our political representatives and make them accountable to us. We further advocate the use of all

Yoruba resources, whether natural or man anywhere in the world, to update Yoruba a nation self-sufficient.

More than ever, we call on all Nigerians to join us in transition defense and a new administration next in 2007.

express our deepest condolences to the families of Chief Funso Williams and Dr. Bayo Daramola

/ / Signed,

Adeola Odusanya, National President

Bolaji Oláríbigbé, National Secretary for Public Affairs

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